04
东山经
2,622 characters
Original
東山經之首
《東山經》之首，曰樕𧑤之山，北臨乾昧。食水出焉。而東北流注于海。其中多鱅鱅之魚，其狀如梨牛，其音如彘鳴。
又南三百里，曰藟山，其上有玉，其下有金。湖水出焉，東流注于食水，其中多活師。
又南三百里，曰栒狀之山，其上多金玉，其下多青碧石。有獸焉，其狀如犬，六足，其名曰從從，其鳴自詨。有鳥焉，其狀如雞而鼠毛，其名曰䖪鼠，見則其邑大旱。掛水出焉。而北流注于湖水。其中多箴魚，其狀如儵，其喙如箴，食之無疫疾。
又南三百里，曰勃亝之山，無草木，無水。
又南三百里，曰番條之山，無草木，多沙。減水出焉，北流注于海，其中多鱤魚。
又南四百里，曰姑兒之山，其上多漆，其下多桑柘。姑兒之水出焉，北流注于海，其中多鱤魚。
又南四百里，曰高氏之山，其上多玉，其下多箴石。諸繩之水出焉，東流注于澤，其中多金玉。
又南三百里，曰嶽山，其上多桑，其下多樗。濼水出焉，東流注于澤，其中多金玉。
又南三百里，曰犲山，其上無草木，其下多水，其中多堪㐨之魚。有獸焉，其狀如夸父而彘毛，其音如呼，見則天下大水。
又南三百里，曰獨山，其上多金玉，其下多美石。末塗之水出焉，而東流注于沔，其中多𧌁䗤，其狀如黃蛇，魚翼，出入有光，見則其邑大旱。
又南三百里，曰泰山，其上多玉，其下多金。有獸焉，其狀如豚而有珠，名曰狪狪，其鳴自訆。環水出焉，東流注于江，其中多水玉。
又南三百里，曰竹山，錞于江，無草木，多瑤碧。激水出焉，而東流注于娶檀之水，其中多茈羸。
凡《東山經》之首，自樕𧑤之山以至于竹山，凡十二山，三千六百里。其神狀皆人身龍首。祠：毛用一犬祈，䎶用魚。
東次二經
《東次二經》之首，曰空桑之山，北臨食水，東望沮吳，南望沙陵，西望湣澤。有獸焉，其狀如牛而虎文，其音如欽。其名曰軨軨，其鳴自訆，見則天下大水。
又南六百里，曰曹夕之山，其下多穀而無水，多鳥獸。
又西南四百里，曰嶧皋之山，其上多金玉，其下多白堊。嶧皋之水出焉，東流注于激女之水，其中多蜃珧。
又南水行五百里，流沙三百里，至于葛山之尾，無草木，多砥礪。
又南三百八十里，曰葛山之首，無草木。澧水出焉，東流注于余澤，其中多珠蟞魚，其狀如胏而有目，六足有珠，其味酸甘，食之無癘。
又南三百八十里，曰餘峩之山。其上多梓枏，其下多荊𦬊。雜余之水出焉，東流注于黃水。有獸焉，其狀如菟而鳥喙，鴟目蛇尾，見人則眠，名曰犰狳，其鳴自訆，見則螽蝗為敗。
又南三百里，曰杜父之山，無草木，多水。
又南三百里，曰耿山，無草木，多水碧，多大蛇。有獸焉，其狀如狐而魚翼，其名曰朱獳，其鳴自訆，見則其國有恐。
又南三百里，曰盧其之山，無草木，多沙石，沙水出焉，南流注于涔水，其中多鵹鶘，其狀如鴛鴦而人足，其鳴自訆，見則其國多土功。
又南三百八十里，曰姑射之山，無草木，多水。
又南水行三百里，流沙百里，曰北姑射之山，無草木，多石。
又南三百里，曰南姑射之山，無草木，多水。
又南三百里，曰碧山，無草木，多大蛇，多碧、水玉。
又南五百里，曰緱氏之山，無草木，多金玉。原水出焉，東流注于沙澤。
又南三百里，曰姑逢之山，無草木，多金玉。有獸焉，其狀如狐而有翼，其音如鴻鴈，其名曰獙獙，見則天下大旱。
又南五百里，曰鳧麗之山，其上多金玉，其下多箴石，有獸焉，其狀如狐，而九尾、九首、虎爪，名曰蠪姪，其音如嬰兒，是食人。
又南五百里，曰䃌山，南臨䃌水，東望湖澤，有獸焉，其狀如馬，而羊目、四角、牛尾，其音如獆狗，其名曰峳峳。見則其國多狡客。有鳥焉，其狀如鳧而鼠尾，善登木，其名曰絜鉤，見則其國多疫。
凡《東次二經》之首，自空桑之山至于䃌山，凡十七山，六千六百四十里。其神狀皆獸身人面載觡。其祠：毛用一雞祈，嬰用一璧瘞。
東次三經
又《東次三經》之首，曰尸胡之山，北望𦍲山，其上多金玉，其下多棘。有獸焉，其狀如麋而魚目，名曰妴胡，其鳴自訆。
又南水行八百里，曰岐山，其木多桃李，其獸多虎。
又南水行七百里，曰諸鉤之山，無草木，多沙石。是山也，廣員百里，多寐魚。
又南水行七百里，曰中父之山，無草木，多沙。
又東水行千里，曰胡射之山，無草木，多沙石。
又南水行七百里，曰孟子之山，其木多梓桐，多桃李，其草多菌蒲，其獸多麋鹿。是山也，廣員百里。其上有水出焉，名曰碧陽，其中多鱣鮪。
又南水行五百里，曰流沙，行五百里，有山焉，曰跂踵之山，廣員二百里，無草木，有大蛇，其上多玉。有水焉，廣員四十里皆湧，其名曰深澤，其中多蠵龜。有魚焉，其狀如鯉，而六足鳥尾，名曰鮯鮯之魚，其鳴自訆。
又南水行九百里，曰踇隅之山，其上多草木，多金玉，多赭。有獸焉，其狀如牛而馬尾，名曰精精，其鳴自訆。
又南水行五百里，流沙三百里，至于無皋之山，南望幼海，東望榑木，無草木，多風。是山也，廣員百里。
凡《東次三經》之首，自尸胡之山至于無皋之山，凡九山，六千九百里。其神狀皆人身而羊角。其祠：用一牡羊，米用黍。是神也，見則風雨水為敗。
東次四經
又《東次四經》之首，曰北號之山，臨于北海。有木焉，其狀如楊，赤華，其實如棗而無核，其味酸甘，食之不瘧。食水出焉，而東北流注于海。有獸焉，其狀如狼，赤首鼠目，其音如豚，名曰猲狙，是食人。有鳥焉，其狀如雞而白首，鼠足而虎爪，其名曰鬿雀，亦食人。
又南三百里，曰旄山，無草木。蒼體之水出焉，而西流注于展水。其中多鱃魚，其狀如鯉而大首，食者不疣。
又南三百二十里，曰東始之山，上多蒼玉。有木焉，其狀如楊而赤理，其汁如血，不實，其名曰𦬊，可以服馬，泚水出焉，而東北流注于海，其中多美貝，多茈魚，其狀如鮒，一首而十身，其臭如蘪蕪，食之不䊧。
又東南三百里，曰女烝之山，其上無草木。石膏水出焉，而西注于鬲水，其中多薄魚，其狀如鱣魚而一目，其音如歐，見則天下大旱。
又東南二百里，曰欽山，多金玉而無石。師水出焉，而北流注于皋澤，其中多鱃魚，多文貝。有獸焉，其狀如豚而有牙，其名曰當康，其鳴自叫，見則天下大穰。
又東南二百里，曰子桐之山，子桐之水出焉，而西流注于餘如之澤。其中多䱻魚，其狀如魚而鳥翼，出入有光，其音如鴛鴦，見則天下大旱。
又東北二百里，曰剡山，多金玉。有獸焉，其狀如彘而人面，黃身而赤尾，其名曰合窳，其音如嬰兒。是獸也，食人，亦食蟲蛇，見則天下大水。
又東北二百里，曰太山，上多金玉、楨木。有獸焉，其狀如牛而白首，一目而蛇尾，其名曰蜚，行水則竭，行草則死，見則天下大疫。鉤水出焉，而北流注于勞水，其中的鱃魚。
凡《東次四經》之首，自北號之山至于太山，凡八山，一千七百二十里。
右東經之山誌，凡四十六山，萬八千八百六十里。
Translation
Classic of the Eastern Mountains I
The first chain of the Eastern Mountains begins at Mount Suzhu, overlooking Qianmei to the north. The Food River flows from it northeast into the sea. It contains many yongyong fish, shaped like pear cattle, with a voice like a pig's squeal.
Three hundred li south is Mount Lei, with jade above and gold below. The Lake River flows east into the Food River, containing many huoshi creatures.
Three hundred li south is Mount Xunzhuang, with gold and jade above and lapis lazuli below. A beast called the congcong, shaped like a dog with six legs, has a cry like its name. A bird called the zishu, shaped like a chicken with rat fur, brings great drought to any city where it appears. The Gua River flows north into the Lake River, containing many zhen fish, shaped like shu fish with needle-like beaks—eating them prevents epidemics.
Three hundred li south is Mount Boqi, with no plants and no water.
Three hundred li south is Mount Fantiao, with no plants and much sand. The Jian River flows north into the sea, containing many gan fish.
Four hundred li south is Mount Guer, with lacquer above and mulberry and hackberry below. The Guer River flows north into the sea, containing many gan fish.
Four hundred li south is Mount Gaoshi, with jade above and needle stones below. The Zhusheng River flows east into the marsh, containing much gold and jade.
Three hundred li south is Mount Yue, with mulberry above and chinaberry below. The Luo River flows east into the marsh, containing much gold and jade.
Three hundred li south is Mount Huai, with no plants above, much water below, and many kanyu fish. A beast shaped like Kua Fu with pig bristles, with a voice like shouting, brings great floods wherever it appears.
Three hundred li south is Mount Du, with gold and jade above and beautiful stones below. The Motu River flows east into the Mian waters, containing many teng insects shaped like yellow snakes with fish wings, emitting light when they emerge and enter—their appearance brings great drought.
Three hundred li south is Mount Tai, with jade above and gold below. A beast called the tuntun, shaped like a pig with a pearl, has a cry like its name. The Huan River flows east into the Yangtze, containing much water jade.
Three hundred li south is Mount Zhu, standing over the Yangtze, with no plants and much jasper. The Ji River flows east into the Qutan waters, containing many purple li creatures.
In all, the first Eastern Mountains from Mount Suzhu to Mount Zhu comprise twelve peaks spanning 3,600 li. Their spirits all have human bodies and dragon heads. For the sacrifice: a dog is used for prayer, and a yu is used for calling.
Classic of the Eastern Mountains II
The second Eastern Mountains chain begins at Mount Kongsang, facing the Food River to the north, Juwu to the east, Shaling to the south, and Minze to the west. A beast called the lingling, shaped like an ox with tiger stripes and a voice like a qin, has a cry like its name—its appearance brings great floods.
Six hundred li south is Mount Caoxi, with much grain below but no water, and many birds and beasts.
Four hundred li southwest is Mount Yigao, with gold and jade above and white chalk below. The Yigao River flows east into the Jinü waters, containing many shen yao shells.
Five hundred li south by water and three hundred li through quicksand reaches the tail of Mount Ge, with no plants and many whetstones and grindstones.
Three hundred eighty li south is the head of Mount Ge, with no plants. The Li River flows east into the Yu Marsh, containing many zhubie fish, shaped like lungs with eyes, six legs and pearls, with a sour-sweet taste—eating them prevents leprosy.
Three hundred eighty li south is Mount Yu'e, with catalpa and nanmu above and thorns and brambles below. The Zayu River flows east into the Yellow Water. A beast called the qiuyu, shaped like a rabbit with a bird's beak, owl eyes and snake tail, sleeps when it sees people—its cry is like its name, and its appearance foretells locust plagues.
Three hundred li south is Mount Dufu, with no plants and much water.
Three hundred li south is Mount Geng, with no plants, much water jasper and many great snakes. A beast called the zhuru, shaped like a fox with fish fins, has a cry like its name—its appearance brings terror to that country.
Three hundred li south is Mount Luqi, with no plants and much sand and stone. The Sha River flows south into the Cen waters, containing many lihe birds shaped like mandarin ducks with human feet—their cry is like their name, and their appearance foretells much forced labor.
Three hundred eighty li south is Mount Gushe, with no plants and much water.
Three hundred li south by water and one hundred li through quicksand is Mount Beigu She, with no plants and much stone.
Three hundred li south is Mount Nangu She, with no plants and much water.
Three hundred li south is Mount Bi, with no plants, many great snakes, much lapis lazuli and water jade.
Five hundred li south is Mount Goushi, with no plants and much gold and jade. The Yuan River flows east into the Sha Marsh.
Three hundred li south is Mount Gufeng, with no plants and much gold and jade. A beast called the bibi, shaped like a fox with wings and a voice like a wild goose, brings great drought wherever it appears.
Five hundred li south is Mount Fuli, with gold and jade above and needle stones below. A beast called the longzi, shaped like a fox with nine tails, nine heads and tiger claws, has a voice like a baby's and devours people.
Five hundred li south is Mount Kan, facing the Kan waters to the south and overlooking the Lake Marsh to the east. A beast called the youyou, shaped like a horse with sheep eyes, four horns and a cow tail, has a voice like a howling dog—its appearance foretells many crafty guests. A bird called the jiegou, shaped like a duck with a rat's tail and good at climbing trees, foretells epidemics.
In all, the second Eastern Mountains from Mount Kongsang to Mount Kan comprise seventeen peaks spanning 6,640 li. Their spirits all have beast bodies and human faces carrying gele. For the sacrifice: a rooster is used for prayer, and a bi is buried for the infant.
Classic of the Eastern Mountains III
The third Eastern Mountains chain begins at Mount Shihu, overlooking Mount Xian to the north, with gold and jade above and many thorns below. A beast called the yuanhu, shaped like an elk with fish eyes, has a cry like its name.
Eight hundred li south by water is Mount Qi, with many peach and plum trees and many tigers.
Seven hundred li south by water is Mount Zhugou, with no plants and much sand and stone. This mountain is a hundred li square and has many mei fish.
Seven hundred li south by water is Mount Zhongfu, with no plants and much sand.
One thousand li east by water is Mount Hushe, with no plants and much sand and stone.
Seven hundred li south by water is Mount Mengzi, with catalpa and paulownia trees, many peach and plum trees, much junpu grass, and many elk and deer. This mountain is a hundred li square. A spring called Biyang flows from it, containing many zhan and wei fish.
Five hundred li south by water, then five hundred li through quicksand, is Mount Qizhong, two hundred li square, with no plants, great snakes and much jade above. A spring forty li square bubbles up here, called Deep Marsh, containing many hui turtles. There is a fish shaped like a carp with six legs and a bird's tail, called the gege fish, whose cry is like its name.
Nine hundred li south by water is Mount Mouyu, with many plants, gold, jade and ochre. A beast called the jingjing, shaped like an ox with a horse tail, has a cry like its name.
Five hundred li south by water and three hundred li through quicksand reaches Mount Wugao, overlooking the Young Sea to the south and the Fumu Tree to the east, with no plants and much wind. This mountain is a hundred li square.
In all, the third Eastern Mountains from Mount Shihu to Mount Wugao comprise nine peaks spanning 6,900 li. Their spirits all have human bodies with ram horns. For the sacrifice: a ram is used, with millet for grain. These spirits, when seen, bring wind, rain and floods that devastate the land.
Classic of the Eastern Mountains IV
The fourth Eastern Mountains chain begins at Mount Beihao, overlooking the North Sea. There is a tree shaped like a poplar with red flowers and date-like fruit without pits, with a sour-sweet taste—eating it prevents malaria. The Food River flows northeast into the sea. A beast called the xieju, shaped like a wolf with a red head and rat eyes, has a voice like a pig's and devours people. A bird called the qique, shaped like a chicken with a white head, rat feet and tiger claws, also devours people.
Three hundred li south is Mount Mao, with no plants. The Cangti River flows west into the Zhan waters, containing many qiu fish shaped like carp with large heads—eating them prevents warts.
Three hundred twenty li south is Mount Dongshi, with much blue jade above. A tree called qi, shaped like a poplar with red grain and sap like blood but no fruit, can be used to feed horses. The Ci River flows northeast into the sea, containing much beautiful shellfish and many purple fish shaped like crucian carp with one head and ten bodies, with a smell like fen wu grass—eating them prevents flatulence.
Three hundred li southeast is Mount Nüzheng, with no plants above. The Gypsum River flows west into the Ge waters, containing many bo fish shaped like zhan fish with one eye and a voice like an owl's—their appearance brings great drought.
Two hundred li southeast is Mount Qin, with gold and jade but no stones. The Shi River flows north into the Gao Marsh, containing many qiu fish and much patterned shellfish. A beast called the dangkang, shaped like a pig with tusks, has a cry like its name—its appearance brings great harvests.
Two hundred li southeast is Mount Zitong. The Zitong River flows west into the Yuru Marsh, containing many hui fish shaped like fish with bird wings, emitting light when they emerge and enter, with a voice like a mandarin duck's—their appearance brings great drought.
Two hundred li northeast is Mount Shan, with much gold and jade. A beast called the heyu, shaped like a pig with a human face, yellow body and red tail, has a voice like a baby's. This beast devours people and also eats insects and snakes—its appearance brings great floods.
Two hundred li northeast is Mount Tai, with much gold, jade and zhen trees above. A beast called the fei, shaped like an ox with a white head, one eye and a snake tail, dries up water when crossing it and kills grass when walking on it—its appearance brings great plagues. The Gou River flows north into the Lao waters, containing many qiu fish.
In all, the fourth Eastern Mountains from Mount Beihao to Mount Tai comprise eight peaks spanning 1,720 li.
Thus the record of the Eastern Mountains: forty-six mountains in all, spanning 18,860 li.