05
中山经
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中山經
《中山經》薄山之首，曰甘棗之山。共水出焉，而西流注于河。其上多杻木，其下有草焉，葵本而杏葉，黃華而莢實，名曰籜，可以已瞢。有獸焉，其狀如𤠢鼠而文題，其名曰㔮，食之已癭。
又東二十里，曰歷兒之山，其上多橿，多櫔木，是木也，方莖而員葉，黃華而毛，其實如揀，服之不忘。
又東十五里，曰渠豬之山，其上多竹，渠豬之水出焉，而南流注于河。其中是多豪魚，狀如鮪，而赤喙赤尾赤羽，可以已白癬。
又東三十五里，曰蔥聾之山，其中多大谷，是多白堊，黑、青、黃堊。
又東十五里，曰涹山，其上多赤銅，其陰多鐵。
又東七十里，曰脫扈之山。有草焉，其狀如葵葉而赤華，莢實，實如棕椶莢，名曰植楮，可以已癙，食之不眯。
又東二十里，曰金星之山，多天嬰，其狀如龍骨，可以已痤。
又東七十里，曰泰威之山，其中有穀，曰梟谷，其中多鐵。
又東十五里，曰橿谷之山，其中多赤銅。
又東百二十里，曰吳林之山，其中多葌草。
又北三十里，曰牛首之山。有草焉，名曰鬼草，其葉如葵而赤莖，其秀如禾，服之不憂。勞水出焉，而西流注于潏水。是多飛魚，其狀如鮒魚，食之已痔衕。
又北四十里，曰霍山，其木多穀。有獸焉，其狀如貍，而白尾有鬛，名曰朏朏，養之可以已憂。
又北五十二里，曰合谷之山，是多薝棘。
又北三十五里，曰陰山，多礪石、文石。少水出焉，其中多彫棠，其葉如榆葉而方，其實如赤菽，食之已聾。
又東北四百里，曰鼓鐙之山，多赤銅。有草焉，名曰榮草，其葉如柳，其本如雞卵，食之已風。
凡薄山之首，白甘棗之山至于鼓鐙之山，凡十五山，六千六百七十里。歷兒、冢也，其祠禮：毛，太牢之具；縣嬰以吉玉。其餘十三者，毛用一羊，縣嬰用藻珪，瘞而不糈。藻珪者，藻玉也，方其下而銳其上，而中穿之加金。
中次二經
《中次二經》濟山之首，曰煇諸之山，其上多桑，其獸多閭麋，其鳥多鶡。
又西南二百里，曰發視之山，其上多金玉，其下多砥礪。即魚之水出焉，而西流注于伊水。
又西三百里，曰豪山，其上多金玉而無草木。
又西三百里，曰鮮山，多金玉，無草木。鮮水出焉，而北流注于伊水。其中多鳴蛇，其狀如蛇而四翼，其音如磬，見則其邑大旱。
又西三百里，曰陽山，多石，無草木。陽水出焉，而北流注于伊水。其中多化蛇，其狀如人面而豺身，鳥翼而蛇行，其音如叱呼，見則其邑大水。
又西二百里，曰昆吾之山，其上多赤銅。有獸焉，其狀如彘而有角，其音如號，名曰蠪蛭，食之不眯。
又西百二十里，曰葌山，葌水出焉，而北流注于伊水，其上多金玉，其下多青雄黃。有木焉，其狀如棠而赤葉，名曰芒草，可以毒魚。
又西一百五十里，曰獨蘇之山，無草木而多水。
又西一百二十里，曰蔓渠之山，其上多金玉，其下多竹箭。伊水出焉，而東流注于洛。有獸焉，其名曰馬腹，其狀如人面虎身，其音如嬰兒，是食人。
凡濟山之首，自煇諸之山至于蔓渠之山，凡九山，一千六百七十里。其神皆人面而鳥身。祠用毛，用一吉玉，投而不糈。
中次三經
《中次三經》萯山之首，曰敖岸之山，其陽多㻬琈之玉，其陰多赭、黃金。神熏池居之。是常出美玉。北望河林，其狀如莤如舉。有獸焉，其狀如白鹿而四角，名曰夫諸，見則其邑大水。
又東十里，曰青要之山，實惟帝之密都。是多駕鳥。南望墠渚，禹父之所化，是多僕累、蒲盧。䰠武羅司之，其狀人面而豹文，小要而白齒，而穿耳以鐻，其鳴如鳴玉。是山也，宜女子。畛水出焉，而北流注于河。其中有鳥焉，名曰鴢，其狀如鳧，青身而朱目赤尾，食之宜子。有草焉，其狀如葌，而方莖黃華赤實，其本如藁本，名曰荀草，服之美人色。
又東十里曰騩山，其上有美棗，其陰有㻬琈之玉。正回之水出焉，而北流注于河。其中多飛魚，其狀如豚而赤文，服之不畏雷，可以禦兵。
又東四十里，曰宜蘇之山，其上多金玉，其下多蔓居之木。滽滽之水出焉，而北流注于河，是多黃貝。
又東二十里，曰和山，其上無草木而多瑤碧，實惟河之九都。是山也五曲，九水出焉，合而北流注于河，其中多蒼玉。吉神泰逢司之，其狀如人而虎尾，是好居于萯山之陽，出入有光。泰逢神動天地氣也。
凡萯山之首，自敖岸之山至于和山，凡五山，四百四十里。其祠︰泰逢、熏池、武羅皆一牡羊副，嬰用吉玉。其二神用一雄雞瘞之，糈用稌。
中次四經
《中次四經》釐山之首，曰鹿蹄之山，其上多玉，其下多金。甘水出焉，而北流注于洛，其中多泠石。
西五十里，曰扶豬之山，其上多礝石。有獸焉，其狀如貉而人目，其名曰䴦。虢水出焉，而北流注于洛，其中多瓀石。
又西一百二十里，曰釐山，其陽多玉，其陰多蒐。有獸焉，其狀如牛。蒼身，其音如嬰兒，是食人，其名曰犀渠。滽滽之水出焉，而南流注于伊水。有獸焉，名曰𤢺，其狀如獳犬而有鱗，其毛如彘鬣。
又西二百里，曰箕尾之山，多穀，多涂石，其上多㻬琈之玉。
又西二百五十里，曰柄山，其上多玉，其下多銅。滔雕之水出焉，而北流注于洛。其中多羬羊。有木焉，其狀如樗，其葉如桐而莢實，其名曰茇，可以毒魚。
又西二百里，曰白邊之山，其上多金玉，其下多青雄黃。
又西二百里，曰熊耳之山，其上多漆，其下多椶。浮濠之水出焉，而西流注于洛，其中多水玉，多人魚。有草焉，其狀如蘓而赤華，名曰葶薴，可以毒魚。
又西三百里，曰牡山，其上多文石，其下多竹箭竹䉋，其獸多㸲牛、羬羊，鳥多赤鷩。
又西三百五十里，曰讙舉之山。雒水出焉，而東北流注于玄扈之水，其中多馬腸之物。此二山者，洛閒也。
凡釐山之首，自鹿蹄之山至于玄扈之山，凡九山，千六百七十里。其神狀皆人面獸身。其祠之，毛用一白雞，祈而不糈，以采衣之。
中次五經
《中次五經》薄山之首，曰苟牀之山，無草木，多怪石。
東三百里，曰首山，其陰多榖柞，其草多𦬸芫，其陽多㻬琈之玉，木多槐。其陰有谷，曰机谷，多䲦鳥，其狀如梟而三目，有耳，其音如錄，食之已墊。
又東三百里，曰縣劚之山，無草木，多文石。
又東三百里，曰蔥聾之山，無草木，多𢈦石。
東北五百里，曰條谷之山，其木多槐桐，其草多芍藥、虋冬。
又北十里，曰超山，其陰多蒼玉，其陽有井，冬有水而夏竭。
又東五百里，曰成侯之山，其上多櫄木，其草多芃。
又東五百里，曰朝歌之山，谷多美堊。
又東五百里，曰槐山，谷多金錫。
又東十里，曰歷山，其木多槐，其陽多玉。
又東十里，曰尸山，多蒼玉，其獸多麖。尸水出焉，南流注于洛水，其中多美玉。
又東十里，曰良餘之山，其上多穀柞，無石。餘水出于其陰，而北流注于河；乳水出于其陽，而東南流注于洛。
又東南十里，曰蠱尾之山，多礪石、赤銅。龍餘之水出焉，而東南流注于洛。
又東北二十里，曰升山，其木其多榖柞棘，其草多藇蕙，多寇脫。黃酸之水出焉，而北流注于河，其中多璇玉。
又東二十里，曰陽虛之山，多金，臨于玄扈之水。
凡薄山之首，自苟林之山至于陽虛之山，凡十六山，二千九百八十二里。升山，冢也，其祠禮：太牢，嬰用吉玉。首山，䰠也，其祠用稌、黑犧、太牢之具、糱釀；干儛，置鼓；嬰用一璧。尸水，合天也，肥牲祠之，用一黑犬于上，用一雌雞于下，刉一牝羊，獻血。嬰用吉玉，采之，饗之。
中次六經
《中次六經》縞羝山之首，曰平逢之山，南望伊洛，東望穀城之山，無草木，無水，多沙石。有神焉，其狀如人而二首，名曰驕蟲，是為螫蟲，實惟蜂蜜之廬，其祠之：用一雄雞，穰而勿殺。
西十里，曰縞羝之山，無草木，多金玉。
又西十里，曰廆山，其陰多㻬琈之玉。其陰有谷，名曰雚谷，其木多柳楮。其中有鳥焉，狀如山雞而長尾，赤如丹火而青喙，名曰鴒䳩，其鳴自呼，服之不眯。交觴之水出于其陽，而南流注于洛；俞隨之水出于其陰，而北流注于穀水。
又西三十里，曰瞻諸之山，其陽多金，㴬水出焉，而東南流注于洛；少水出于其陰，而東流注于穀水。
又西三十里，曰婁涿之山，無草木，多金玉。瞻水出于其陽，而東流注于洛；陂水出于其陰，而北流注于穀水，其中多茈石、文石。
又西四十里，曰白石之山。惠水出于其陽，而南流注于洛，其中多水玉。澗水出于其陰，西北流注于穀水，其中多麋石、櫨丹。
又西五十里，曰榖山，其上多榖，其下多桑。爽水出焉，而西北流注于榖水，其中多碧綠。
又西七十二里，曰密山，其陽多玉，其陰多鐵。豪水出焉，而南流注于洛，其中多旋龜，其狀鳥首而鼈尾，其音如判木。無草木。
又西百里，曰長石之山，無草木，多玉。其西有谷焉，名曰共谷，多竹。共水出焉，西南流注于洛，其中多鳴石。
又西一百四十里，曰傅山，無草木，多瑤碧。厭染之水出于其陽，而南流注于洛，其中多人魚。其西有林焉，名曰墦冢。穀水出焉，而東流注于洛，其中多㻒玉。
又西五十里，曰橐山，其木多樗，多𣖾木，其陽多金玉，其陰多鐵，多蕭。橐水出焉，而北流注于河。其中多脩辟之魚，狀如黽而白喙，其音如鴟，食之已白癬。
又西九十里，曰常烝之山，無草木，多堊。潐水出焉，而東北流注于河，其中多蒼玉。菑水出焉，而北流注于河。
又西九十里，曰夸父之山，其木多椶枏、多竹箭，其獸多㸲牛、羬羊，其鳥多鷩，其陽多玉，其陰多鐵。其北有林焉，名曰桃林，是廣員三百里，其中多馬。湖水出焉，而北流注于河，其中多㻒玉。
又西九十里，曰陽華之山，其陽多金玉，其陰多青雄黃，其草多藷藇，多苦辛，其狀如橚，其實如瓜，其味酸甘，食之已瘧。楊水出焉，而西南流注于洛，其中多人魚。門水出焉，而東北流注于河，其中多玄䃤。𦁎姑之水出于其陰，而東流注于門水，其上多銅。門水出于河，七百九十里入雒水。
凡縞羝山之首，自平逢之山至于陽華之山，凡十四山，七百九十里。嶽在其中，以六月祭之，如諸嶽之祠法，則天下安寧。
中次七經
《中次七經》苦山之首，曰休輿之山。其上有石焉，名曰帝臺之棋，五色而文，其狀如鶉卵，帝臺之石，所以禱百神者也，服之不蠱。有草焉，其狀如蓍，赤葉而本叢生，名曰夙條，可以為簳。
東三百里，曰鼓鍾之山，帝臺之所以觴百神也。有草焉，方莖而黃華，員葉而三成，其名曰焉酸，可以為毒。其上多礪，其下多砥。
又東二百里，曰姑媱之山。帝女死焉，其名曰女尸，化為䔄草，其葉胥成，其華黃，其實如菟丘，服之媚于人。
又東二十里，曰苦山。有獸焉，名曰山膏，其狀如逐，赤若丹火，善詈。其上有木焉，名曰黃棘，黃華而員葉，其實如蘭。服之不字。有草焉，員葉而無莖，赤華而不實，名曰無條，服之不癭。
又東二十七里，曰堵山，神天愚居之，是多怪風雨。其上有木焉，名曰天楄，方莖而葵狀，服之不㖶。
又東五十二里，曰放皋之山。明水出焉。南流注于伊水，其中多蒼玉。有木焉，其葉如槐，黃華而不實，其名曰蒙木，服之不惑。有獸焉，其狀如蜂，枝尾而反舌，善呼，其名曰文文。
又東五十七里，曰大𩇵之山，多㻬琈之玉，多麋玉。有草焉，其狀葉如榆，方莖而蒼傷，其名曰牛傷，其根蒼文，服者不厥，可以禦兵。其陽狂水出焉，西南流注于伊水，其中多三足龜，食者無大疾，可以已腫。
又東七十里，曰半石之山，其上有草焉，生而秀，其高丈餘，赤葉黃華，華而不實，其名曰嘉榮，服之者不霆。來需之水出于其陽，而西流注于伊水，其中多鯩魚，黑文，其狀如鮒，食者不睡。合水出于其陰，而北流注于洛，多鰧魚，狀如鱖，居逵，蒼文赤尾，食者不癰，可以為瘻。
又東五十里，曰少室之山，百草木成囷。其上有木焉，其名曰帝休，葉狀如楊，其枝五衢，黃華黑實，服者不怒。其上多玉，其下多鐵。休水出焉，而北流注于洛，其中多䱱魚，狀如𥂕蜼而長距，足白而對，食者無蠱疾，可以禦兵。
又東三十里，曰泰室之山。其上有木焉，葉狀如棃而赤理，其名曰栯木，服者不妒。有草焉，其狀如𦬸，白華黑實，澤如蘡薁，其名曰䔄草，服之不眯。上多美石。
又北三十里，曰講山，其上多玉，多柘，多柏。有木焉，名曰帝屋，葉狀如椒，反傷赤實，可以禦凶。
又北三十里，曰嬰梁之山，上多蒼玉，錞于玄石。
又東三十里，曰浮戲之山。有木焉，葉狀如樗而赤實，名曰亢木，食之不蠱，汜水出焉，而北流注于河。其東有谷，因名曰蛇谷，上多少辛。
又東四十里，曰少陘之山。有草焉，名曰𦱌草，葉狀如葵，而赤莖白華，實如蘡薁，食之不愚。器難之水出焉，而北流注于役水。
又東南十里，曰太山。有草焉，名曰棃，其葉狀如荻而赤華，可以已疽。太水出于其陽，而東南注于役水；承水出于其陰，而東北流注于役。
又東二十里，曰末山，上多赤金。末水出焉，北流注于役。
又東二十五里，曰役山，上多白金，多鐵。役水出焉，北流注于河。
又東三十五里，曰敏山。上有木焉，其狀如荊，白華而赤實，名曰葪柏，服之不寒。其陽多㻬琈之玉。
又東三十里，曰大騩之山，其陰多鐵、美玉、青堊。有草焉，其狀如蓍而毛，青華而白實，其名曰𦵧，服之不夭，可以為腹病。
凡苦山之首，自休輿之山至于大騩之山，凡十有九山，千一百八十四里。其十六神者，皆豕身而人面。其祠：毛牷用一羊羞，嬰用一藻玉瘞。苦山、少室、太室皆冢也，其祠之：太牢之具，嬰以吉玉。其神狀皆人面而三首。其餘屬皆豕身人面也。
中次八經
《中次八經》荊山之首，曰景山，其上多金玉，其木多杼、檀。雎水出焉，東南流注于江，其中多丹粟，多文魚。
東北百里，曰荊山，其陰多鐵，其陽多赤金，其中多犛牛，多豹虎，其木多松柏，其草多竹，多橘櫾。漳水出焉，而東南流注于雎，其中多黃金，多鮫魚，其獸多閭麋。
又東北百五十里，曰驕山，其上多玉，其下多青雘，其木多松柏，多桃枝鉤端。神𧕛圍處之，其狀如人面。羊角虎爪，恒遊于雎漳之淵，出入有光。
又東北百二十里，曰女几之山，其上多玉，其下多黃金，其獸多豹虎，多閭麋麖麂，其鳥多白鷮，多翟，多鴆。
又東北二百里，曰宜諸之山，其上多金玉，其下多青雘。洈水出焉，而南流注于漳，其中多白玉。
又東北三百五十里，曰綸山，其木多梓枏，多桃枝，多柤粟橘櫾，其獸多閭麈麢㚟。
又東二百里，曰陸䣀之山，其上多㻬琈之玉，其下多堊，其木多杻橿。
又東百三十里，曰光山，其上多碧，其下多木。神計蒙處之，其狀人身而龍首，恒遊于漳淵，出入必有飄風暴雨。
又東百五十里，曰岐山，其陽多赤金，其陰多白瑉，其上多金玉，其下多青雘，其林多樗。神涉𧕛處之，其狀人身而方面三足。
又東百三十里，曰銅山，其上多金銀鐵，其木多榖柞柤栗橘櫾，其獸多犳。
又東北一百里，曰美山，其獸多兕牛，多閭麈，多豕鹿，其上多金，其下多青雘。
又東北百里，曰大堯之山，其木多松柏，多梓桑，多机，其草多竹，其獸多豹虎麢㚟。
又東北三百里，曰靈山，其上多金玉，其下多青雘，其木多桃李梅杏。
又東北七十里，曰龍山，上多寓木，其上多碧，其下多赤錫，其草多桃枝鉤端。
又東南五十里，曰衡山，上多寓木榖柞，多黃堊白堊。
又東南七十里，曰石山，其上多金，其下多青雘，多寓木。
又南百二十里，曰若山，其上多㻬琈玉，多赭，多邽石，多寓木，多柘。
又東南一百二十里，曰彘山，多美石，多柘。
又東南一百五十里，曰玉山，其上多金玉，其下多碧、鐵，其木多柏。
又東南七十里，曰讙山，其木多檀，多封石，多白錫。郁水出于其上，潛于其下，其中多砥礪。
又東北百五十里，曰仁舉之山，其木多榖柞，其陽多赤金，其陰多赭。
又東五十里，曰師每之山，其陽多砥礪，其陰多青雘，其木多柏，多檀，多柘，其草多竹。
又東南二百里，曰琴鼓之山，其木多榖柞椒柘，其上多白瑉，其下多洗石，其獸多豕鹿，多白犀，其鳥多鴆。
凡荊山之首，自景山至琴鼓之山，凡二十三山，二千八百九十里。其神狀皆鳥身而人面。其祠：用一雄雞祈瘞，用一藻圭，糈用稌。驕山，冢也，其祠：用羞酒少牢祈瘞，嬰毛一璧。
中次九經
《中次九經》岷山之首，曰女几之山，其上多石涅，其木多杻橿，其草多菊𦬸。洛水出焉，東注于江，其中多雄黃，其獸多虎豹。
又東北三百里，曰岷山。江水出焉，東北流注于海，其中多良龜，多鼉，其上多金玉，其下多白瑉，其木多梅棠，其獸多犀象，多夔牛，其鳥多翰鷩。
又東北一百四十里，曰崍山，江水出焉，東流注于江。其陽多黃金，其陰多麋麈，其木多檀柘，其草多䪥韭，多葯、空奪。
又東一百五十里，曰崌山。江水出焉，東流注于大江，其中多怪蛇，多䲀魚，其木多楢杻，多梅梓，其獸多夔牛麢㚟犀兕。有鳥焉，狀如鴞而赤身白首，其名曰竊脂，可以禦火。
又東三百里，曰高梁之山，其上多堊，其下多砥礪，其木多桃枝鉤端。有草焉，狀如葵而赤華、莢實、白柎，可以走馬。
又東四百里，曰蛇山，其上多黃金，其下多堊，其木多栒，多橡章，其草多嘉榮、少辛。有獸焉，其狀如狐，而白尾長耳，名𤜣狼，見則國內有兵。
又東五百里，曰鬲山，其陽多金，其陰多白珉。蒲𪈘之水出焉，而東流注于江，其中多白玉，其獸多犀象熊羆，多猨蜼。
又東北三百里，曰隅陽之山，其上多金玉，其下多青雘，其木多梓桑，其草多茈。徐之水出焉，東流注于江，其中多丹粟。
又東二百五十里，曰岐山，其上多白金，其下多鐵。其木多梅梓，多杻楢。減水出焉，東南流注于江。
又東三百里，曰勾檷之山，其上多玉，其下多黃金，其木多櫟柘，其草多芍藥。
又東一百五十里，曰風雨之山，其上多白金，其下多石涅；其木多棷椫，多楊。宣余之水出焉，東流注于江，其中多蛇。其獸多閭麋，多麈豹虎，其鳥多白鷮。
又東北二百里，曰玉山，其陽多銅，其陰多赤金，其木多豫章楢杻，其獸多豕鹿麢㚟，其鳥多鴆。
又東一百五十里，曰熊山。有穴焉，熊之穴，恒出神人。夏啟而冬閉；是穴也，冬啟乃必有兵。其上多白玉，其下多白金，其林多樗柳，其草多寇脫。
又東一百四十里，曰騩山，其陽多美玉赤金，其陰多鐵，其木多桃枝荊𦬊。
又東二百里，曰葛山，其上多赤金，其下多瑊石，其木多柤栗橘櫾楢杻，其獸多麢㚟，其草多嘉榮。
又東一百七十里，曰賈超之山，其陽多黃堊，其陰多美赭，其木多柤栗橘櫾，其中多龍脩。
凡岷山之首，自女几山至于賈超之山，凡十六山，三千五百里。其神狀皆馬身而龍首。其祠：毛用一雄雞瘞。糈用稌。文山、勾檷、風雨、騩之山，是皆冢也，其祠之：羞酒，少牢具，嬰毛一吉玉。熊山，帝也，其祠：羞酒，太牢具，嬰用一璧。干儛，用兵以禳；祈，璆冕舞。
中次十經
《中次十經》之首，曰首陽之山，其上多金玉，無草木。
又西五十里，曰虎尾之山，其木多椒椐，多封石；其陽多赤金，其陰多鐵。
又西南五十里，曰繁繢之山，其木多楢杻，其草多枝勾。
又西南二十里，曰勇石之山，無草木，多白金，多水。
又西二十里，曰復州之山，其木多檀，其陽多黃金。有鳥焉，其狀如鴞，而一足彘尾，其名曰跂踵，見則其國大疫。
又西三十里，曰楮山，多寓木，多椒椐，多柘，多堊。
又西二十里，曰又原之山，其陽多青雘，其陰多鐵，其鳥多鸜鵒。
又西五十里，曰涿山，其木多榖柞杻，其陽多㻬琈之玉。
又西七十里，曰丙山，其木多梓檀，多弞杻。
凡首陽山之首，自首山至于丙山，凡九山，二百六十七里。其神狀皆龍身而人面。其祠之：毛用一雄雞瘞，糈用五種之糈。堵山，冢也，其祠之：少牢具，羞酒祠，嬰毛一璧瘞。騩山，帝也，其祠︰羞酒，太牢其；合巫祝二人儛，嬰一璧。
中次十一經
《中次十一經》荊山之首，曰翼望之山。湍水出焉，東流注于濟；貺水出焉，東南流注于漢，其中多蛟。其上多松柏，其下多漆梓，其陽多赤金，其陰多珉。
又東北一百五十里，曰朝歌之山。潕水出焉，東南流注于滎，其中多人魚。其上多梓枏，其獸多麢麋。有草焉，名曰莽草，可以毒魚。
又東南二百里，曰帝囷之山，其陽多㻬琈之玉，其陰多鐵。帝囷之水出于其上，潛于其下，多鳴蛇。
又東南五十里，曰視山，其上多韭。有井焉，名曰天井，夏有水，冬竭。其上多桑，多美堊金玉。
又東南二百里，曰前山，其木多櫧，多柏，其陽多金，其陰多赭。
又東南三百里，曰豐山。有獸焉，其狀如猨，赤目，赤喙、黃身，名曰雍和，見則國有大恐。神耕父處之，常遊清泠之淵，出入有光，見則其國為敗。有九鍾焉，是知霜鳴。其上多金，其下多榖柞杻橿。
又東北八百里，曰兔牀之山，其陽多鐵，其木多藷芧，其草多雞穀，其本如雞卵，其味酸甘，食者利于人。
又東六十里，曰皮山，多堊，多赭，其木多松柏。
又東六十里，曰瑤碧之山，其木多梓枏，其陰多青雘，其陽多白金。有鳥焉，其狀如雉，恒食蜚，名曰鴆。
又東四十里，曰支離之山。濟水出焉，南流注于漢。有鳥焉，其名曰嬰勺，其狀如鵲，赤目、赤喙、白身，其尾若勺，其鳴自呼。多㸲牛，多羬羊。
又東北五十里，曰祑𥮐之山，其上多松柏机桓。
又西北一百里，曰堇理之山，其上多松柏，多美梓；其陰多丹雘，多金；其獸多豹虎。有鳥焉，其狀如鵲，青身白喙，白目白尾，名曰青耕，可以禦疫，其鳴自叫。
又東南三十里，曰依軲之山，其上多杻橿，多苴。有獸焉，其狀如犬，虎爪有甲，其名曰獜，善駚𤘝，食者不風。
又東南三十五里，曰即谷之山，多美玉，多玄豹，多閭麈，多麢㚟。其陽多珉，其陰多青雘。
又東南四十里，曰雞山，其上多美梓，多桑，其草多韭。
又東南五十里，曰高前之山，其上有水焉，甚寒而清，帝臺之漿也，飲之者不心痛。其上有金，其下有赭。
又東南三十里，曰遊戲之山，多杻橿榖，多玉，多封石。
又東南三十五里，曰從山，其上多松柏，其下多竹。從水出于其上，潛于其下，其中多三足鼈，枝尾，食之無蠱疾。
又東南三十里，曰嬰䃌之山，其上多松柏，其下多梓櫄。
又東南三十里，曰畢山。帝苑之水出焉，東北流注于視，其中多水玉，多蛟。其上多㻬琈之玉。
又東南二十里，曰樂馬之山。有獸焉，其狀如彙，赤如丹火，其名曰𤟑，見則其國大疫。
又東南二十五里，曰葴山，視水出焉，東南流注于汝水，其中多人魚，多蛟，多頡。
又東四十里，曰嬰山，其下多青雘，其上多金玉。
又東三十里，曰虎首之山，多苴椆椐。
又東二十里，曰嬰侯之山，其上多封石，其下多赤錫。
又東五十里，曰大孰之山。殺水出焉，東北流注于視水，其中多白堊。
又東四十里，曰卑山，其上多桃李苴梓，多纍。
又東三十里，曰倚帝之山，其上多玉，其下多金。有獸焉，狀如鼣鼠，白耳白喙，名曰狙如，見則其國有大兵。
又東三十里，曰鯢山，鯢水出于其上，潛于其下，其中多美堊。其上多金，其下多青雘。
又東三十里，曰雅山。澧水出焉，東流注于視水，其中多大魚。其上多美桑，其下多苴，多赤金。
又東五十五里，曰宣山。淪水出焉，東南流注于視水，其中多蛟。其上有桑焉，大五十尺，其枝四衢，其葉大尺餘，赤理黃華青柎，名曰帝女之桑。
又東四十五里，曰衡山，其上多青雘，多桑，其鳥多鸜鵒。
又東四十里，曰豐山，其上多封石，其木多桑，多羊桃，狀如桃而方莖，可以為皮張。
又東七十里，曰嫗山，其上多美玉，其下多金，其草多雞穀。
又東三十里，曰鮮山，其木多楢杻苴，其草多虋冬，其陽多金，其陰多鐵。有獸焉，其狀如膜犬，赤喙、赤目、白尾，見則其邑有火，名曰𤝻即。
又東三十里，曰章山，其陽多金，其陰多美石。臯水出焉，東流注于豐水，其中多脃石。
又東二十五里，曰大支之山，其陽多金，其木多榖柞，無草木。
又東五十里，曰區吳之山，其木多苴。
又東五十里，曰聲匈之山，其木多榖，多玉，上多封石。
又東五十里，曰大騩之山，其陽多赤金，其陰多砥石。
又東十里，曰踵臼之山，無草木。
又東北七十里，曰歷石之山，其木多荊𦬊，其陽多黃金，其陰多砥石。有獸焉，其狀如貍而白首虎爪，名曰梁渠，見則其國有大兵。
又東南一百里，曰求山。求水出于其上，潛于其下，中有美赭。其木多苴，多䉋。其陽多金，其陰多鐵。
又東二百里，曰丑陽之山，其上多椆椐。有鳥焉，其狀如烏而赤足，名曰䳅鵌，可以禦火。
又東三百里，曰奧山，其上多柏杻橿，其陽多瀁琈之玉。奧水出焉，東流注于視水。
又東三十五里，曰服山，其木多苴，其上多封石，其下多赤錫。
又東百十里，曰杳山，其上多嘉榮草，多金玉。
又東三百五十里，曰几山，其木多楢檀杻，其草多香。有獸焉，其狀如彘，黃身、白頭、白尾，名曰聞𧲂，見則天下大風。
凡荊山之首，自翼望之山至于几山，凡四十八山，三千七百三十二里。其神狀皆彘身人首。其祠：毛用一雄雞祈，瘞用一珪，糈用五種之精。禾山，帝也，其祠：太牢之具，羞瘞倒毛；用一璧，牛無常。堵山、玉山，冢也，皆倒祠，羞毛少牢，嬰毛吉玉。
中次十二經
《中次十二經》洞庭山之首，曰篇遇之山，無草木，多黃金。
又東南五十里，曰雲山，無草木。有桂竹，甚毒，傷人必死。其上多黃金，其下多㻬琈之玉。
又東南一百三十里，曰龜山，其木多榖柞椆椐，其上多黃金，其下多青雄黃，多扶竹。
又東七十里，曰丙山，多筀竹，多黃金銅鐵，無木。
又東南五十里，曰風伯之山，其上多金玉，其下多痠石、文石，多鐵，其木多柳杻檀楮。其東有林焉，名曰莽浮之林，多美木鳥獸。
又東一百五十里，曰夫夫之山，其上多黃金，其下多青雄黃，其木多桑楮，其草多竹、雞鼓。神于兒居之，其狀人身而身操兩蛇，常遊于江淵，出入有光。
又東南一百二十里，曰洞庭之山。其上多黃金，其下多銀鐵，其木多柤棃橘櫾，其草多葌、蘼蕪、芍藥、芎藭。帝之二女居之，是常遊于江淵。澧沅之風，交瀟湘之淵，是在九江之閒，出入必以飄風暴雨。是多怪神，狀如人而載蛇，左右手操蛇。多怪鳥。
又東南一百八十里，曰暴山。其木多椶枏荊𦬊竹箭䉋箘，其是多黃金玉，其下多文石鐵，其獸多麋鹿𪊨就。
又東南二百里，曰即公之山，其上多黃金，其下多㻬琈之玉，其木多柳杻檀桑。有獸焉，其狀如龜，而白身赤首，名曰蛫，是可以禦火。
又東南一百五十九里，有堯山，其陰多黃堊，其陽多黃金，其木多荊𦬊柳檀，其草多藷藇𦬸。
又東南一百里，曰江浮之山，其上多銀砥礪，無草木，其獸多豕鹿。
又東二百里，曰真陵之山，其上多黃金，其下多玉，其木多榖柞柳杻，其草多榮草。
又東南一百二十里，曰陽帝之山，多美銅，其木多橿杻檿楮，其獸多麢麝。
又南九十里，曰柴桑之山，其上多銀，其下多碧，多泠石、赭，其木多柳𦬊楮桑，其獸多麋鹿，多白蛇飛蛇。
又東二百三十里，曰榮余之山，其上多銅；其下多銀，其木多柳𦬊，其蟲多怪蛇怪蟲。
凡洞庭山之首，自篇遇之山至于榮余之山，凡十萬山，二千八百里。其神狀皆鳥身而龍首。其祠：毛用一雄雞、一牝豚刏，糈用稌。凡夫夫之山、即公之山、堯山、陽帝之山皆冢也，其祠：皆肆瘞，祈用酒，毛用少牢，嬰毛一吉玉。洞庭、榮余山神也，其祠：皆肆瘞，祈酒太牢祠，嬰用圭璧十五，五采惠之。
右中經之山，大凡百九十七山，二萬一千三百七十一里。
大凡天下名山五千三百七十，居地，大凡六萬四千五十六里。
五臧山經
禹曰：天下名山，經五千三百七十山，六萬四千五十六里，居地也。言其《五臧》，蓋其餘小山甚眾，不足記云。天地之東西二萬八千里，南北二萬六千里，出水之山者八千里，受水者八千里，出銅之山四百六十七，出鐵之山三千六百九十。此天地之所分壤樹穀也，戈矛之所發也，刀鎩之所起也，能者有餘，拙者不足。封于太山，禪于梁父，七十二家，得失之數，皆在此內，是謂國用。
右《五臧山經》五篇，大凡一萬五千五百三字。
Translation
Classic of the Central Mountains
The Central Mountains begin at Mount Ganzao, head of the Thin Mountains. The Gong River flows west into the Yellow River. It has many oak trees above and a grass below called tui, with sunflower stems, apricot leaves, yellow flowers and pod fruit—it cures blindness. A beast called the nao, shaped like a rat with a patterned forehead—eating it cures goiter.
Twenty li east is Mount Li'er, with many zhen trees and li trees—these have square stems, round leaves, yellow flowers and bristles, with fruit like dates; eating it prevents forgetfulness.
Fifteen li east is Mount Quzhu, with much bamboo. The Quzhu River flows south into the Yellow River. It contains many hao fish, shaped like wei fish with red beaks, red tails and red feathers—they cure white ringworm.
Thirty-five li east is Mount Conglong, with many large valleys, much white chalk, and black, blue and yellow chalk.
Fifteen li east is Mount Wo, with much red copper above and iron on its north face.
Seventy li east is Mount Tuohu. A grass called zhichu, shaped like sunflower leaves with red flowers and pod fruit like brown palm pods—it cures melancholy and eating it prevents nightmares.
Twenty li east is Mount Jinxing, with much tianying that looks like dragon bones—it cures acne.
Seventy li east is Mount Taiwei, with a valley called Xiao Gu containing much iron.
Fifteen li east is Mount Zhengu, with much red copper.
One hundred twenty li east is Mount Wulin, with much jian grass.
Thirty li north is Mount Niushou. A grass called guicao, with sunflower-like leaves and red stems, flowering like grain—eating it prevents worry. The Lao River flows west into the Yu waters, containing many flying fish shaped like crucian carp—eating them cures hemorrhoids and fistula.
Forty li north is Mount Huo, with much paper mulberry. A beast called the feifei, shaped like a badger with a white tail and mane—raising it relieves sorrow.
Fifty-two li north is Mount Hegu, with much zhan thorn.
Thirty-five li north is Mount Yin, with much whetstone and patterned stone. The Shao River flows from it, containing many diao tang trees with elm-like square leaves and red bean-like fruit—eating them cures deafness.
Four hundred li northeast is Mount Gudeng, with much red copper. A grass called rongcao, with willow-like leaves and roots like chicken eggs—it cures wind disorders.
In all, the Thin Mountains from Mount Ganzao to Mount Gudeng comprise fifteen peaks spanning 6,670 li. Li'er is the tomb—for its sacrifice, the full set of livestock is used and the infant is suspended with auspicious jade. The remaining thirteen use a ram, with the infant suspended using an algae gui, buried without grain. The algae gui is algae jade—square at the bottom, pointed at the top, pierced in the middle and inlaid with gold.
Central Mountains II
The second Central Mountains, the Ji Mountains, begin at Mount Huizhu, with much mulberry, white deer as beasts, and he birds as birds.
Two hundred li southwest is Mount Fashi, with gold and jade above and whetstones and grindstones below. The Jiyu River flows west into the Yi River.
Three hundred li west is Mount Hao, with gold and jade but no plants.
Three hundred li west is Mount Xian, with gold and jade but no plants. The Xian River flows north into the Yi River, containing many ming snakes—serpents with four wings and a sound like a chime stone; their appearance brings great drought.
Three hundred li west is Mount Yang, with much stone and no plants. The Yang River flows north into the Yi River, containing many hua snakes—human-faced, jackal-bodied, with bird wings and serpentine movement, whose cry is like shouting; their appearance brings great floods.
Two hundred li west is Mount Kunwu, with much red copper above. A beast called the longzhi, shaped like a pig with horns and a voice like wailing—eating it prevents nightmares.
One hundred twenty li west is Mount Jian. The Jian River flows north into the Yi River, with gold and jade above and blue realgar below. A tree called mangcao, shaped like a tang tree with red leaves—it can poison fish.
One hundred fifty li west is Mount Dusu, with no plants and much water.
One hundred twenty li west is Mount Manqu, with gold and jade above and bamboo arrows below. The Yi River flows east into the Luo River. A beast called the mafu, with a human face and tiger body, has a voice like a baby's and devours people.
In all, the Ji Mountains from Mount Huizhu to Mount Manqu comprise nine peaks spanning 1,670 li. Their spirits all have human faces and bird bodies. For the sacrifice, fur is used with one beautiful jade, cast without grain.
Central Mountains III
The third Central Mountains, the Tai Mountains, begin at Mount Ao'an, with turou jade on its south face and ochre and gold on its north. The god Xunchi dwells here, and fine jade often emerges from it. To the north, the river forest looks like xi or ju. A beast called the fuzhu, shaped like a white deer with four horns—its appearance brings great floods.
Ten li east is Mount Qingyao, truly the Emperor's secret capital. There are many jia birds. To the south lies Tiantan, where Yu's father was transformed, with many puli and pulu. The deity Wuluo manages it—human-faced with leopard markings, a narrow waist and white teeth, with ears pierced by jade rings, whose voice is like ringing jade. This mountain benefits women. The Zhen River flows north into the Yellow River. A bird called the you, shaped like a duck with a blue body, red eyes and red tail—eating it promotes childbearing. A grass called xuncao, shaped like jian grass with square stems, yellow flowers and red fruit, with roots like gaoben—eating it beautifies complexion.
Ten li east is Mount Gui, with fine jade above and turou jade below. The Zhenghui River flows north into the Yellow River, containing many flying fish shaped like pigs with red patterns—wearing them dispels fear of thunder and wards off weapons.
Forty li east is Mount Yisu, with gold and jade above and many manju trees below. The Yongyong River flows north into the Yellow River, containing many yellow shells.
Twenty li east is Mount He, with no plants but much jasper, truly the nine capitals of the Yellow River. This mountain has five bends; nine rivers flow from it, joining and flowing north into the Yellow River, containing much blue jade. The auspicious god Taifeng manages it—human-faced with a tiger tail, dwelling on the south face of the Tai Mountains, emerging and entering with light. The Taifeng spirit moves the qi of heaven and earth.
In all, the Tai Mountains from Mount Ao'an to Mount He comprise five peaks spanning 440 li. For the sacrifice: Taifeng, Xunchi and Wuluo each use a split ram, with the infant using auspicious jade. The two other gods use one rooster buried, with millet for grain.
Central Mountains IV
The fourth Central Mountains, the Xi Mountains, begin at Mount Luti, with jade above and gold below. The Gan River flows north into the Luo River, containing much ling stone.
Fifty li west is Mount Fuzhu, with much ruan stone. A beast called the ying, shaped like a raccoon dog with human eyes. The Guo River flows north into the Luo River, containing much ruan stone.
One hundred twenty li west is Mount Xi, with jade on its south face and sou on its north. A beast called the xiqu, shaped like an ox with a blue body and a voice like a baby's, devours people. The Yongyong River flows south into the Yi River. A beast called the xiao, shaped like a scaly dog with bristles like a wild boar's mane.
Two hundred li west is Mount Jiwei, with much paper mulberry, tu stone, and turou jade above.
Two hundred fifty li west is Mount Bing, with jade above and copper below. The Taodiao River flows north into the Luo River, containing many qian sheep. A tree called ba, shaped like a chinaberry with paulownia-like leaves and pod fruit—it can poison fish.
Two hundred li west is Mount Baibian, with gold and jade above and blue realgar below.
Two hundred li west is Mount Xiong'er, with lacquer above and palm below. The Fuhao River flows west into the Luo River, containing much water jade and many human fish. A grass called tingning, shaped like perilla with red flowers—it can poison fish.
Three hundred li west is Mount Mu, with much patterned stone above and bamboo arrows below, zong cattle and qian sheep as beasts, and red pheasants as birds.
Three hundred fifty li west is Mount Huanju. The Luo River flows northeast into the Xuanyou waters, containing much machang creatures. These two mountains lie between the Luo.
In all, the Xi Mountains from Mount Luti to Mount Xuanyou comprise nine peaks spanning 1,670 li. Their spirits all have human faces and beast bodies. For the sacrifice, a white rooster is used for prayer without grain, dressed in colorful garments.
Central Mountains V
The fifth Central Mountains, the Thin Mountains, begin at Mount Gouchuang, with no plants and many strange stones.
Three hundred li east is Mount Shou, with paper mulberry and oak on its north face, much xuan yuan grass, turou jade on its south face and many scholar trees. A valley on its north face called Ji Gu has many dai birds, shaped like owls with three eyes and ears, whose cry is like lu—eating them cures depression.
Three hundred li east is Mount Xianchu, with no plants and much patterned stone.
Three hundred li east is Mount Conglong, with no plants and much zhang stone.
Five hundred li northeast is Mount Tiaogu, with many scholar trees and paulownia, much peony and men dong grass.
Ten li north is Mount Chao, with much blue jade on its north face and a well on its south that has water in winter and dries in summer.
Five hundred li east is Mount Chenghou, with much chun trees above and much peng grass.
Five hundred li east is Mount Chaoge, with much fine chalk in its valley.
Five hundred li east is Mount Huai, with much gold and tin in its valley.
Ten li east is Mount Li, with many scholar trees and jade on its south face.
Ten li east is Mount Shi, with much blue jade and many mi deer. The Shi River flows south into the Luo waters, containing much beautiful jade.
Ten li east is Mount Liangyu, with much paper mulberry and oak above and no stones. The Yu River flows from its north face into the Yellow River; the Ru River flows from its south face southeast into the Luo.
Ten li southeast is Mount Guwei, with much whetstone and red copper. The Longyu River flows southeast into the Luo.
Twenty li northeast is Mount Sheng, with much paper mulberry, oak and thorns, much yu hui grass and koutuo. The Huang Suan River flows north into the Yellow River, containing much xuan jade.
Twenty li east is Mount Yangxu, with much gold, overlooking the Xuanyou waters.
In all, the Thin Mountains from Mount Goulin to Mount Yangxu comprise sixteen peaks spanning 2,982 li. Sheng is the tomb—for its sacrifice, the full set of livestock is used with the infant in auspicious jade. Shou is the deity—its sacrifice uses millet, black livestock, the full set of vessels and fermented liquor; dancing with drums; one bi for the Infant. Shui water joins heaven—a fat sacrificial animal is used, with a black dog above and a hen below, cutting a ewe to offer blood. The Infant uses auspicious jade with colorful garments, and offerings are made.
Central Mountains VI
The sixth Central Mountains, the Gaodi Mountains, begin at Mount Pingfeng, overlooking the Yi and Luo to the south and the Gucheng Mountains to the east, with no plants, no water and much sand and stone. A deity called the jiaochong, shaped like a human with two heads, is the stinging insect—the dwelling place of bees. For its sacrifice, a rooster is used for blessing without killing.
Ten li west is Mount Gaodi, with no plants and much gold and jade.
Ten li west is Mount Wei, with much turou jade on its north face. A valley called Huangu on its north face has many willows and paper mulberries. A bird called the lingyan, shaped like a pheasant with a long tail, red like cinnabar fire with a blue beak, has a cry like its name—eating it prevents nightmares. The Jiaoshang River flows from its south face into the Luo; the Yusui River flows from its north face into the Gu waters.
Thirty li west is Mount Zhu Zhu, with much gold on its south face. The Xie River flows southeast into the Luo; the Shao River flows from its north face east into the Gu waters.
Thirty li west is Mount Louzhuo, with no plants and much gold and jade. The Zhan River flows from its south face east into the Luo; the Bei River flows from its north face into the Gu waters, containing many purple and patterned stones.
Forty li west is Mount Baishi. The Hui River flows from its south face into the Luo, containing much water jade. The Jian River flows from its north face northwest into the Gu waters, containing much mi stone and ludan.
Fifty li west is Mount Gu, with much paper mulberry above and mulberry below. The Shuang River flows northwest into the Gu waters, containing much blue green.
Seventy-two li west is Mount Mi, with jade on its south face and iron on its north. The Hao River flows south into the Luo, containing many xuan turtles with bird heads and turtle tails, whose cry is like splitting wood. No plants.
One hundred li west is Mount Changshi, with no plants and much jade. A valley called Gonggu to its west has much bamboo. The Gong River flows southwest into the Luo, containing much ming stone.
One hundred forty li west is Mount Fu, with no plants and much jasper. The Yanran River flows from its south face into the Luo, containing many human fish. A forest called Fanzhong lies to its west. The Gu River flows east into the Luo, containing much xuan jade.
Fifty li west is Mount Tuo, with many chinaberry and zhi trees, gold and jade on its south face, iron and much xiao on its north. The Tuo River flows north into the Yellow River, containing many xiupi fish shaped like frogs with white beaks, whose cry is like an owl's—eating them cures white ringworm.
Ninety li west is Mount Changzheng, with no plants and much chalk. The Jiao River flows northeast into the Yellow River, containing much blue jade. The Zi River flows north into the Yellow River.
Ninety li west is Mount Kuafu, with much palm and nanmu and bamboo arrows, zong cattle and qian sheep as beasts, pheasants as birds, jade on its south face and iron on its north. A forest called Taolin to its north is three hundred li square, with much horses. The Hu River flows north into the Yellow River, containing much xuan jade.
Ninety li west is Mount Yanghua, with gold and jade on its south face, blue realgar on its north, much shuyu and bitter xin grass shaped like xu, with melon-like fruit tasting sour-sweet—eating it cures malaria. The Yang River flows southwest into the Luo, containing many human fish. The Men River flows northeast into the Yellow River, containing much black stone. The Qigu River flows from its north face into the Men waters, with much copper above. The Men River flows from the Yellow River, 790 li into the Luo.
In all, the Gaodi Mountains from Mount Pingfeng to Mount Yanghua comprise fourteen peaks spanning 790 li. The sacred mountain is among them, sacrificed to in the sixth month following the rites of the sacred mountains—then the world is at peace.
Central Mountains VII
The seventh Central Mountains, the Bitter Mountains, begin at Mount Xiuyu. A stone called the Emperor Tai's chess lies above—five-colored with patterns, like quail eggs. The Emperor Tai's stone is used to pray to all gods; eating it prevents poison. A grass called sutiao, shaped like shi grass with red leaves and clustered roots, can be used for arrow shafts.
Three hundred li east is Mount Guzhong, where the Emperor Tai feasts all gods. A grass called yansuan, with square stems, yellow flowers and round leaves in threes, can be used as poison. There are many whetstones above and grindstones below.
Two hundred li east is Mount Guyao. The Emperor's daughter died here, called Nüshi, and transformed into yaocao—its leaves grow in clusters, its flowers are yellow, and its fruit is like tuqiu; eating it makes one charming to others.
Twenty li east is Mount Ku. A beast called the shangao, shaped like a zhu and red as cinnabar fire, is good at cursing. A tree called huangji above has yellow flowers and round leaves, with fruit like orchid—eating it prevents pregnancy. A grass called wutiao, with round leaves and no stems, red flowers and no fruit—eating it prevents goiter.
Twenty-seven li east is Mount Du, where the god Tianyu dwells, with much strange wind and rain. A tree called tianbian above, with square stems and sunflower-like shape—eating it prevents choking.
Fifty-two li east is Mount Fanggao. The Ming River flows south into the Yi waters, containing much blue jade. A tree called mengmu, with scholar-tree leaves, yellow flowers and no fruit—eating it prevents confusion. A beast called wenwen, shaped like a bee with a branched tail and reversed tongue, is good at calling.
Fifty-seven li east is Mount Dayou, with much turou jade and mi jade. A grass called niushang, with elm-like leaves, square stems and blue wounds, has blue-patterned roots—eating it prevents fainting and wards off weapons. The Kuang River flows from its south face southwest into the Yi waters, containing many three-legged turtles—eating them prevents major illness and cures swelling.
Seventy li east is Mount Banshi. A grass called jiarong grows and flowers there, over a zhang tall, with red leaves and yellow flowers, blooming without fruit—eating it prevents thunder. The Laixu River flows from its south face west into the Yi waters, containing many lun fish with black patterns, shaped like crucian carp—eating them prevents sleep. The He River flows from its north face into the Luo, containing many tang fish shaped like mandarin fish, dwelling in culverts, with blue patterns and red tails—eating them prevents abscesses and cures fistula.
Fifty li east is Mount Shaoshi, with all plants and trees forming granaries. A tree called dixiu above has poplar-like leaves, five branches, yellow flowers and black fruit—eating it prevents anger. There is much jade above and iron below. The Xiu River flows north into the Luo, containing many ti fish shaped like flying lemurs with long spurs, with white feet in pairs—eating them prevents poison and wards off weapons.
Thirty li east is Mount Taishi. A tree called yumu above has pear-like leaves with red grain—eating it prevents jealousy. A grass called yaocao, shaped like xuan, with white flowers and black fruit, glossy like yingyu grapes—eating it prevents nightmares. There is much fine stone above.
Thirty li north is Mount Jiang, with much jade, hackberry and cypress. A tree called diwu, with pepper-like leaves, reversed thorns and red fruit—it wards off evil.
Thirty li north is Mount Yingliang, with much blue jade above, standing over black stone.
Thirty li east is Mount Fuxi. A tree called kangmu, with chinaberry-like leaves and red fruit—eating it prevents poison. The Si River flows north into the Yellow River. A valley to its east is called Snake Valley, with much du xin.
Forty li east is Mount Shaoxing. A grass called jiancao, with sunflower-like leaves, red stems, white flowers and fruit like yingyu grapes—eating it prevents foolishness. The Qinan River flows north into the Yi waters.
Ten li southeast is Mount Tai. A grass called li, shaped like miscanthus with red flowers—it cures abscesses. The Tai River flows from its south face southeast into the Yi waters; the Cheng River flows from its north face northeast into the Yi.
Twenty li east is Mount Mo, with much red gold above. The Mo River flows north into the Yi.
Twenty-five li east is Mount Yi, with much white gold and iron. The Yi River flows north into the Yellow River.
Thirty-five li east is Mount Min. A tree called jibai above, shaped like vitex with white flowers and red fruit—eating it prevents cold. There is much turou jade on its south face.
Thirty li east is Mount Dagui, with iron, fine jade and blue chalk on its north face. A grass called yao, shaped like shi grass with bristles, blue flowers and white fruit—eating it prevents early death and cures abdominal disease.
In all, the Bitter Mountains from Mount Xiuyu to Mount Dagui comprise nineteen peaks spanning 1,184 li. Their sixteen spirits all have pig bodies and human faces. For the sacrifice, a pure ram is used for the offering, with one algae jade buried for the infant. Ku, Shaoshi and Taishi are all tombs—for their sacrifice, the full set of livestock is used with the infant in auspicious jade. Their spirits have human faces with three heads. The rest are all pig-bodied with human faces.
Central Mountains VIII
The eighth Central Mountains, the Jing Mountains, begin at Mount Jing, with gold and jade above and catalpa and sandalwood trees. The Ju River flows southeast into the Yangtze, containing much cinnabar and many patterned fish.
One hundred li northeast is Mount Jing, with iron on its north face, red copper on its south, many yaks, leopards and tigers, pines and cypresses, much bamboo, oranges and pomelos. The Zhang River flows southeast into the Ju, containing much gold, many sharks, and many white deer.
One hundred fifty li northeast is Mount Jiao, with jade above and azurite below, pines and cypresses and many peach branches with hooked tips. The deity Weiwei dwells here—human-faced with ram horns and tiger claws, constantly swimming in the depths of Ju and Zhang, emerging and entering with light.
One hundred twenty li northeast is Mount Nüji, with jade above and gold below, tigers, leopards, white deer, mi and muntjac as beasts, and white pheasants, pheasants and poisonous birds.
Two hundred li northeast is Mount Yizhu, with gold and jade above and azurite below. The Wei River flows south into the Zhang, containing much white jade.
Three hundred fifty li northeast is Mount Lun, with catalpa and nanmu, many peach branches, jujubes, oranges and pomelos, and white deer, antelopes and xiao as beasts.
Two hundred li east is Mount Lu'ang, with turou jade above, chalk below, and oak and zhen trees.
One hundred thirty li east is Mount Guang, with much jasper above and many trees below. The deity Jimeng dwells here—human-bodied with a dragon head, constantly swimming in the Zhang depths, with wind and rain when emerging or entering.
One hundred fifty li east is Mount Qi, with red copper on its south face, white silver on its north, gold and jade above, azurite below, and many chinaberry trees in its forest. The deity Shewei dwells here—human-bodied with a square face and three feet.
One hundred thirty li east is Mount Tong, with gold, silver and iron above, and paper mulberry, oak, jujube, orange and pomelos, with many tao beasts.
One hundred li northeast is Mount Mei, with rhinoceros cattle, white deer, pigs and deer as beasts, gold above and azurite below.
One hundred li northeast is Mount Dayao, with pines and cypresses, catalpa and mulberry, ji trees, much bamboo, and tigers, leopards, antelopes and xiao as beasts.
Three hundred li northeast is Mount Ling, with gold and jade above, azurite below, and peach, plum, apricot and cherry trees.
Seventy li northeast is Mount Long, with many yu trees, jasper above, red tin below, and many peach branches with hooked tips.
Fifty li southeast is Mount Heng, with yu trees, paper mulberry and oaks, and much yellow and white chalk.
Seventy li southeast is Mount Shi, with gold above, azurite below and many yu trees.
One hundred twenty li south is Mount Ruo, with turou jade, ochre, gui stones, yu trees and hackberry trees.
One hundred twenty li southeast is Mount Zhi, with much beautiful stone and many hackberry trees.
One hundred fifty li southeast is Mount Yu, with gold and jade above, jasper and iron below, and many cypress trees.
Seventy li southeast is Mount Huan, with sandalwood trees, feng stone and white tin. The Yu River flows above and below, containing many whetstones and grindstones.
One hundred fifty li northeast is Mount Renju, with paper mulberry and oaks, red copper on its south face and ochre on its north.
Fifty li east is Mount Shimei, with whetstones and grindstones on its south face, azurite on its north, and cypress, sandalwood and hackberry trees with much bamboo.
Two hundred li southeast is Mount Qingu, with paper mulberry, oak, pepper and hackberry trees, white silver above, wash stones below, pigs, deer and white rhinos as beasts, and poisonous birds as birds.
In all, the Jing Mountains from Mount Jing to Mount Qingu comprise twenty-three peaks spanning 2,890 li. Their spirits all have bird bodies and human faces. For the sacrifice: a rooster is used for prayer and burial, one algae gui, with millet for grain. Jiao Mountain is the tomb—its sacrifice uses wine, the full set of livestock for prayer and burial, with infant fur and one bi.
Central Mountains IX
The ninth Central Mountains, the Min Mountains, begin at Mount Nüji, with much graphite above, oak and zhen trees, and chuan xuan grass. The Luo River flows east into the Yangtze, containing much realgar, with tigers and leopards as beasts.
Three hundred li northeast is Mount Min. The Yangtze River flows northeast into the sea, containing many fine turtles, alligators, gold and jade above, white silver below, plum and tang trees, rhinoceros, elephants and kui cattle as beasts, and han and pheasant birds.
One hundred forty li northeast is Mount Lai. The Yangtze River flows east into the Yangtze, with much gold on its south face, elk and deer on its north, sandalwood and hackberry trees, much chive grass, and medicines and kongduo.
One hundred fifty li east is Mount Ju. The Yangtze River flows east into the great Yangtze, containing many strange snakes, chi fish, yu and oak trees, plum and catalpa trees, kui cattle, antelopes, xiao, rhinoceros and buffalo as beasts. A bird called the qiezhi, shaped like an owl with a red body and white head, wards off fire.
Three hundred li east is Mount Gaoliang, with chalk above, whetstones and grindstones below, and peach branches with hooked tips. A grass shaped like sunflowers with red flowers, pod fruit and white calyx can make horses run.
Four hundred li east is Mount She, with gold above, chalk below, xun and zhang trees, jiarong and shaoxin grass. A beast called the lang, shaped like a fox with a white tail and long ears, foretells war within the country.
Five hundred li east is Mount Ge, with gold on its south face and white silver on its north. The Pumai River flows east into the Yangtze, containing much white jade, rhinoceros, elephants, bears and raccoon dogs as beasts, and many apes and monkeys.
Three hundred li northeast is Mount Yuyang, with gold and jade above, azurite below, catalpa and mulberry trees, and much purple chive grass. The Xu River flows east into the Yangtze, containing much cinnabar.
Two hundred fifty li east is Mount Qi, with white gold above and iron below, plum and catalpa trees, and oak and yu trees. The Jian River flows southeast into the Yangtze.
Three hundred li east is Mount Goumi, with jade above, gold below, oak and hackberry trees, and much peony.
One hundred fifty li east is Mount Fengyu, with white gold above and graphite below, zhu and shan trees and poplars. The Xuanyu River flows east into the Yangtze, containing many snakes. Its beasts include white deer, deer, leopards and tigers; its birds include white pheasants.
Two hundred li northeast is Mount Yu, with copper on its south face, red gold on its north, zhang, yu and oak trees, pigs, deer, antelopes and xiao as beasts, and poisonous birds.
One hundred fifty li east is Mount Xiong. A cave called the Bear's Cave constantly emits divine people. It opens in summer and closes in winter; if this cave opens in winter, there will certainly be war. It has white jade above, white gold below, chinaberry and willow trees, and much koutuo grass.
One hundred forty li east is Mount Gui, with fine jade and red gold on its south face, iron on its north, and peach branches, thorns and brambles.
Two hundred li east is Mount Ge, with red gold above, jie stone below, jujube, orange, pomelo, yu and oak trees, antelopes and xiao as beasts, and much jiarong grass.
One hundred seventy li east is Mount Jiachao, with yellow chalk on its south face, fine ochre on its north, jujube, orange and pomelo trees, and much longxiu inside.
In all, the Min Mountains from Mount Nüji to Mount Jiachao comprise sixteen peaks spanning 3,500 li. Their spirits all have horse bodies and dragon heads. For the sacrifice: one rooster is buried, with millet for grain. Wenshan, Goumi, Fengyu and Gui are all tombs—their sacrifice uses wine, the full set of livestock, with infant fur and one auspicious jade. Xiong Mountain is the emperor—its sacrifice uses wine, the full set of livestock, with one bi for the infant. Dancing with weapons dispels evil; prayer is made with qiu and mian dancing.
Central Mountains X
The tenth Central Mountains begin at Mount Shouyang, with gold and jade and no plants.
Fifty li west is Mount Huwei, with pepper and zhen trees, feng stone, red copper on its south face and iron on its north.
Fifty li southwest is Mount Fanhui, with yu and oak trees, and much branch-and-hook grass.
Twenty li southwest is Mount Yongshi, with no plants, much white gold and much water.
Twenty li west is Mount Fuzhou, with sandalwood trees and gold on its south face. A bird called the qizhong, shaped like an owl with one foot and a pig's tail, foretells great plagues.
Thirty li west is Mount Chu, with yu trees, pepper and zhen trees, hackberry trees and much chalk.
Twenty li west is Mount Youyuan, with azurite on its south face, iron on its north, and many myna birds.
Fifty li west is Mount Zhuo, with paper mulberry, oak and oak trees, and turou jade on its south face.
Seventy li west is Mount Bing, with catalpa and sandalwood trees and many shen oak trees.
In all, the tenth Central Mountains from Mount Shouyang to Mount Bing comprise nine peaks spanning 267 li. Their spirits all have dragon bodies and human faces. For the sacrifice: one rooster is buried, with five types of grain. Du Mountain is the tomb—its sacrifice uses the full set of livestock, wine, with infant fur and one bi buried. Gui Mountain is the emperor—its sacrifice uses wine, the full set of livestock, two shamans dancing, with one bi for the infant.
Central Mountains XI
The eleventh Central Mountains, the Jing Mountains, begin at Mount Yiwang. The Tuan River flows east into the Ji River; the Kuang River flows southeast into the Han River, containing many flood dragons. There are pines and cypresses above, lacquer and catalpa trees below, red copper on its south face and silver on its north.
One hundred fifty li northeast is Mount Chaoge. The Wu River flows southeast into the Xing waters, containing many human fish. There are catalpa and nanmu trees above, antelopes and deer as beasts, and a grass called mangcao that can poison fish.
Two hundred li southeast is Mount Diqun, with turou jade on its south face and iron on its north. The Diqun River flows above and below, with many ming snakes.
Fifty li southeast is Mount Shi, with much chive above. A well called Tianjing has water in summer and dries in winter. There is much mulberry above, and much fine chalk, gold and jade.
Two hundred li southeast is Mount Qian, with zhu and cypress trees, gold on its south face and ochre on its north.
Three hundred li southeast is Mount Feng. A beast called the yonghe, shaped like an ape with red eyes, red beak and yellow body, brings great fear to the nation. The deity Gengfu dwells here, constantly swimming in the Qingling depths, emerging and entering with light—his appearance foretells national ruin. There are nine bells that ring with the frost. There is much gold above and paper mulberry, oak and oak trees below.
Eight hundred li northeast is Mount Tuchuang, with iron on its south face, shuyu trees, chicken-grain grass with roots like chicken eggs, tasting sour-sweet—eating it benefits people.
Sixty li east is Mount Pi, with much chalk and ochre, and pines and cypresses.
Sixty li east is Mount Yaobi, with catalpa and nanmu trees, azurite on its north face and white gold on its south. A bird called the zhen, shaped like a pheasant and constantly eating insects, is the poisonous zhen bird.
Forty li east is Mount Zhili. The Ji River flows south into the Han River. A bird called the yingshao, shaped like a magpie with red eyes, red beak, white body and a spoon-shaped tail, has a cry like its name. There are many zong cattle and qian sheep.
Fifty li northeast is Mount Zhiye, with pines, cypresses, ji and huan trees above.
One hundred li northwest is Mount Jinli, with pines and cypresses, fine catalpa, azurite and gold on its north face, and tigers and leopards as beasts. A bird called the qinggeng, shaped like a magpie with blue body, white beak, white eyes and white tail, wards off epidemics—its cry is like its name.
Thirty li southeast is Mount Yigu, with oak and zhen trees and much zhu. A beast called the lin, shaped like a dog with tiger claws and armor, is good at galloping—eating it prevents wind disorders.
Thirty-five li southeast is Mount Jigu, with much beautiful jade, black leopards, white deer and antelopes. There is silver on its south face and azurite on its north.
Forty li southeast is Mount Ji, with fine catalpa, mulberry and much chive grass.
Fifty li southeast is Mount Gaoqian, with very cold, clear water above—the Emperor Tai's nectar; drinking it cures heart pain. There is gold above and ochre below.
Thirty li southeast is Mount Youxi, with oak, zhen and grain, much jade and feng stone.
Thirty-five li southeast is Mount Cong, with pines and cypresses above and bamboo below. The Cong River flows above and below, containing many three-legged soft-shelled turtles with branched tails—eating them prevents poison.
Thirty li southeast is Mount Yingdun, with pines and cypresses above and catalpa and chun trees below.
Thirty li east is Mount Bi. The Diyuan River flows northeast into the Shi waters, containing much water jade and many flood dragons. There is much turou jade above.
Twenty li southeast is Mount Lema. A beast called the zhi, shaped like a rabbit and red as cinnabar fire, foretells great plagues.
Twenty-five li southeast is Mount Zhen. The Shi River flows southeast into the Ru waters, containing many human fish, flood dragons and xie.
Forty li east is Mount Ying, with azurite below and gold and jade above.
Thirty li east is Mount Hushou, with much zhu and chou zhen trees.
Twenty li east is Mount Yinghou, with feng stone above and red tin below.
Fifty li east is Mount Dashu. The Sha River flows northeast into the Shi waters, containing much white chalk.
Forty li east is Mount Bei, with peach, plum, zhu and catalpa trees and much lei.
Thirty li east is Mount Yidi, with jade above and gold below. A beast called the juru, shaped like a mole rat with white ears and white beak, foretells great wars.
Thirty li east is Mount Ni. The Ni River flows above and below, containing much fine chalk. There is gold above and azurite below.
Thirty li east is Mount Ya. The Li River flows east into the Shi waters, containing many large fish. There is much fine mulberry above, much zhu below and much red gold.
Fifty-five li east is Mount Xuan. The Lun River flows southeast into the Shi waters, containing many flood dragons. A mulberry tree above is fifty zhang tall, with four branches, leaves over a chi long, red grain, yellow flowers and green calyx—called the Emperor Daughter's Mulberry.
Forty-five li east is Mount Heng, with much azurite, mulberry and many myna birds.
Forty li east is Mount Feng, with much feng stone, mulberry and yangtao trees—peach-like with square stems, usable for leather stretching.
Seventy li east is Mount Yu, with much fine jade above, gold below, and much chicken-grain grass.
Thirty li east is Mount Xian, with yu, oak and zhu trees, much men dong grass, gold on its south face and iron on its north. A beast called the feiji, shaped like a membrane dog with red beak, red eyes and white tail, foretells fire in that city.
Thirty li east is Mount Zhang, with gold on its south face and beautiful stones on its north. The Gao River flows east into the Feng waters, containing much brittle stone.
Twenty-five li east is Mount Dazhi, with gold on its south face and paper mulberry and oaks but no plants.
Fifty li east is Mount Quwu, with much zhu trees.
Fifty li east is Mount Shengxiong, with much grain, jade and feng stone above.
Fifty li east is Mount Dagui, with red copper on its south face and whetstones on its north.
Ten li east is Mount Zhongjiu, with no plants.
Seventy li northeast is Mount Lishi, with thorns and brambles, gold on its south face and whetstones on its north. A beast called the liangqu, shaped like a badger with a white head and tiger claws, foretells great wars.
One hundred li southeast is Mount Qiu. The Qiu River flows above and below, containing much fine ochre. There is much zhu and qian, gold on its south face and iron on its north.
Two hundred li east is Mount Chouyang, with chou zhen trees. A bird called the zhitu, shaped like a crow with red feet, wards off fire.
Three hundred li east is Mount Ao, with cypresses, oak and zhen trees, and turou jade on its south face. The Ao River flows east into the Shi waters.
Thirty-five li east is Mount Fu, with much zhu, feng stone above and red tin below.
One hundred ten li east is Mount Yao, with much jiarong grass and gold and jade.
Three hundred fifty li east is Mount Ji, with yu, sandalwood and oak trees and much fragrant grass. A beast called the wenlang, shaped like a pig with yellow body, white head and white tail, brings great winds under heaven.
In all, the Jing Mountains from Mount Yiwang to Mount Ji comprise forty-eight peaks spanning 3,732 li. Their spirits all have pig bodies and human heads. For the sacrifice: one rooster is used for prayer, one gui is buried, with five types of refined grain. He Mountain is the emperor—its sacrifice uses the full set of livestock, offerings buried with reversed fur, with one bi and cattle not fixed. Du Mountain and Yu Mountain are tombs—both with reversed sacrifices, offerings with the full set of livestock, with infant fur and auspicious jade.
Central Mountains XII
The twelfth Central Mountains, the Dongting Mountains, begin at Mount Pianyu, with no plants and much gold.
Fifty li southeast is Mount Yun, with no plants. There is a cassia bamboo so toxic that anyone wounded by it dies. There is much gold above and turou jade below.
One hundred thirty li southeast is Mount Gui, with paper mulberry, oak and chou zhen trees, gold above, blue realgar below and much fu bamboo.
Seventy li east is Mount Bing, with much gui bamboo, gold, copper and iron, and no trees.
Fifty li southeast is Mount Fengbo, with gold and jade above, suan stone and patterned stone below, much iron, willow, oak, sandalwood and paper mulberry trees. A forest called Mangfu lies to its east, with much beautiful trees, birds and beasts.
One hundred fifty li east is Mount Fufu, with gold above, blue realgar below, mulberry and paper mulberry trees, and much bamboo and jigu grass. The deity Yu'er dwells here—human-bodied, holding two snakes, constantly swimming in the Yangtze depths, emerging and entering with light.
One hundred twenty li southeast is Mount Dongting, with gold above, silver and iron below, jujube, pear, orange and pomelo trees, and jian, miliao, peony and chuanxiong grass. The Emperor's two daughters dwell here, constantly swimming in the Yangtze depths. The winds of Li and Yuan meet in the depths of Xiao and Xiang—this lies between the nine rivers, emerging and entering with violent wind and rain. There are many strange gods shaped like humans carrying snakes, holding snakes in both hands, and many strange birds.
One hundred eighty li southeast is Mount Bao, with palm, nanmu, thorns, bamboo arrows and jun bamboo, much gold and jade above, patterned stone and iron below, and elk, deer and jiujiu as beasts.
Two hundred li southeast is Mount Jigong, with gold above, turou jade below, willow, oak, sandalwood and mulberry trees. A beast called the gui, shaped like a turtle with a white body and red head, wards off fire.
One hundred fifty-nine li southeast is Mount Yao, with yellow chalk on its north face, gold on its south, thorns, brambles, willow and sandalwood trees, and much shuyu and xuan grass.
One hundred li southeast is Mount Jiangfu, with silver and whetstones above, no plants, and pigs and deer as beasts.
Two hundred li east is Mount Zhenling, with gold above, jade below, paper mulberry, oak, willow and oak trees, and much rong grass.
One hundred twenty li southeast is Mount Yangdi, with much fine copper, zhen, oak, yang and paper mulberry trees, and antelopes and musk deer as beasts.
Ninety li south is Mount Chaisang, with silver above, jasper below, much cold stone and ochre, willow, jing, paper mulberry and mulberry trees, elk and deer as beasts, and many white and flying snakes.
Two hundred thirty li east is Mount Rongyu, with copper above, silver below, willow and jing trees, and many strange snakes and insects.
In all, the Dongting Mountains from Mount Pianyu to Mount Rongyu comprise ten peaks spanning 2,800 li. Their spirits all have bird bodies and dragon heads. For the sacrifice: one rooster and one sow are used, with millet for grain. Fufu, Jigong, Yao and Yangdi are all tombs—their sacrifices are all buried, with wine for prayer, the full set of livestock for fur, and one auspicious jade for the infant. Dongting and Rongyu are mountain gods—their sacrifices are all buried, with wine and the full set of livestock, and fifteen gui and bi for the infant, adorned with five colors.
Thus the record of the Central Mountains: one hundred ninety-seven mountains in all, spanning 21,371 li.
In all, the famous mountains under heaven number five thousand three hundred seventy, spanning sixty-four thousand fifty-six li of inhabited land.
The Five Treasures Mountain Classic
Yu said: The world's famous mountains number five thousand three hundred seventy, spanning sixty-four thousand fifty-six li of inhabited land. These are the Five Treasures—the remaining small mountains are too numerous to record. The world spans twenty-eight thousand li east to west and twenty-six thousand li north to south. Mountains from which water flows span eight thousand li; those receiving water span eight thousand li. Copper-producing mountains number four hundred sixty-seven; iron-producing mountains number three thousand six hundred ninety. These are where heaven and earth divide the soil and plant grain, where spears and halberds originate, where swords and blades arise—the capable have abundance, the clumsy have deficiency. Enfeoffed at Mount Tai and sacrificing at Liangfu, seventy-two families—the numbers of gain and loss all lie within this; these are called the state's resources.
Thus the Five Treasures Mountain Classic comprises five chapters, totaling fifteen thousand five hundred three characters.